Retinal Image Quality Assessment: Portable Eye Examination Kit Retina (Peek Retina)Tm Versus 3d-Printed Ophthalmoscope (3dpo)
Nur Raihan Esa1, Firdaus Yusof @ Alias2, Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin3, Norsham Ahmad4, Nor Azwani Mohd Shukri5
1Nur Raihan Esa, Bachelor of Optometry (Hons.), Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia.
2Firdaus Yusof @ Alias, Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia.
3Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin, Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia.
4Norsham Ahmad, Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia.
5Nor Azwani Mohd Shukri, Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia.
Manuscript received on 10 July 2019 | Revised Manuscript received on 22 July 2019 | Manuscript Published on 23 August 2019 | PP: 1555-1559 | Volume-8 Issue-9S3 August 2019 | Retrieval Number: I33250789S319/2019©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.I3325.0789S319
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open-access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Portable Eye Examination Kit retina (Peek Retina™, Peek Vision Ltd, UK) and 3D Printed Ophthalmoscope (3DPO) were identified to have acceptable image for retinal evaluation, however the retinal images quality in term of blood vessels visibility between both devices was uncertain. This study was conducted to compare the quality of image based on blood vessels visibility between Peek Retina and 3DPO for fractal dimension (Df) analysis. In this study, a total of 40 retinal images (nPEEK=20, n3DPO=20) of 20 participants were captured on random eyes. The best retinal images with good focus and significant retinal blood vessels visibility of Peek Retina and 3DPO were selected for image quality analysis. The retinal images were cropped approximately following the size of the cornea and resized to 900 by 900 pixels of resolution using GNU Image Manipulation Program Version 2.8.18 (GIMP). The images were randomly sorted as Retinal Image Quality Assessment (RIQA) generated by Google form. Likert scale was implemented to assess the preferences scale of retinal image quality in determining the visibility of retinal vasculature to be traced with four choices of response options (1; very difficult, 2; difficult, 3; easy and 4; very easy). Prior to the retinal image assessment, ten optometrists were asked to experience retinal blood vessels tracing and consequently evaluate the 40 images by choosing the scale options (1 to 4) based on visibility retinal blood vessels. Mann-Whitney test indicated that the blood vessel tracing was easier for Peek Retina (median = 3) than for 3DPO (median = 2), p < 0.0001. Retinal image captured by Peek Retina was rated as very easy (43.5%) for blood vessels tracing as compared to the image from 3DPO (17.0%)Error! Reference source not found.. Only 1.5% of the image captured by PEEK was considered as a very difficult for blood vessel tracing. Difficult and easy preference scales of blood vessel tracing for PEEK were 16.5% and 38.5% respectively. 34% of 3DPO retinal image was graded as difficult for blood vessel tracing followed by 28.5% (easy), 20.5% (very difficult) and 17.0% (very easy). The results indicate that a retinal image photographed by Peek Retina was more preferable in tracing retinal vascular network for Df analysis as compared to 3DPO.
Keywords: Peek Retina, 3DPO, retinal vessels, image quality
Scope of the Article: Healthcare Informatics