H10630688S19

Surface Water Treatment using Pomelo’s Peel (Citrus Grandis) and Biosand Filter as Iron (Fe) Adsorption in Kangkar Senangar’s River
Nuramidah Hamidon¹, Nabilah Nazri², Mariah Awang³, Norshuhaila Mohd Sunar⁴, Mimi Suliza Muhamad⁵, Nur Aini Mohd Arish⁶, Hasnida Harun⁷, Hazren A. Hamid⁸, R. Ali⁹, Mohammad Ashraf Abdul Rahman¹⁰

¹Nuramidah Hamidon, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub,  Jalan Panchor, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.

²Nabilah Nazri, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, Jalan Panchor, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.

³Mariah Awang, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, Jalan Panchor,  Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.

⁴Norshuhaila Mohd Sunar, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub,  Jalan Panchor, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.

⁵Mimi Suliza Muhamad, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub,  Jalan Panchor, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.

⁶Nur Aini Mohd Arish, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub,  Jalan Panchor, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.

⁷Hasnida Harun, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, Jalan Panchor,  Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.

⁸Hazren A. Hamid, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub,  Jalan Panchor, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.

⁹R. Ali, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, Jalan Panchor,  Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.

¹⁰Mohammad Ashraf Abdul Rahman, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, KM , Jalan Panchor,  Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.

Manuscript received on 18 June 2019 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 June 2019 | Manuscript Published on 19 June 2019 | PP: 379-374 | Volume-8 Issue-8S June 2019 | Retrieval Number: H10630688S19/19©BEIESP

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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open-access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Water is our most precious natural resource. Based on this study which was conducted in Kangkar Senangar, Johor, the majority of rural communities still drink superficial water that does not meet the required standard of quality, which can cause serious health problems. From the interview with the Village Head, it is also noted that they also do not have enough source of water supply. They only use groundwater as their water source to complete daily life tasks. The ability of Pomelo Peel is tested as natural adsorbent, to remove Iron (Fe) from aqueous solution by adsorption was investigated. Characterization of adsorbent was done by SEM and FTIR analyses to observe the surface morphology and functional groups available on the adsorbent. Adsorption was most efficient when 0.20g of adsorbent was used with 50ml of water sample that was taken from Kangkar Senagar’s river. 0.20g was the optimum weight of pamelo peer powder with contact time of 20 minutes to change the quality of water sample. Based on the results, the higher the adsorbent dosages, the higher the adsorption removal of Fe. The highest adsorption removal of Fe was 80.84%. After the adsorption, the water sample was treated using Biosand Filtration (BSF). The function of BSF was to reduce the turbidity, change the colour of water sample, increase the pH and dissolve oxygen. The BSF filtered all the suspended matters in the water samples after the adsorption and produced clearer water.

Keywords: Pomelo Peel, Adsorption, Iron (Fe), Biosand Filter, Water Quality.
Scope of the Article: Computational Techniques in Civil Engineering