3,7-Dinitro-1,3,5,7- Tetraazabicyclo [3,3,1] Nonane (DPT): An Important Intermediate in the Synthesis Route of one of the Most Powerful Energetic Materials (RDX/HMX)
Hany A. Elazab1, M. M. Seleet2, Said M. A. Hassanein3, M. A. Radwan4, M. A. Sadek5
1Hany A. Elazab, Department of Chemical Engineering, The British University Egypt, El Shorouk City, Cairo, Egypt.
2M. M. Seleet, School of Chemical Engineering, Military Technical College, Kobry El-Kobba, Cairo, Egypt.
3Said M. A. Hassanein, School of Chemical Engineering, Military Technical College, Kobry El-Kobba, Cairo, Egypt.
4M. A. Radwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, The British University Egypt, El Shorouk City, Cairo, Egypt.
5M. A. Sadek, Department of Chemical Engineering, The British University Egypt, El Shorouk City, Cairo, Egypt.
Manuscript received on 05 March 2019 | Revised Manuscript received on 12 March 2019 | Manuscript Published on 20 March 2019 | PP: 88-95 | Volume-8 Issue- 4S2 March 2019 | Retrieval Number: D1S0020028419/2019©BEIESP
Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Mendeley | Indexing and Abstracting
© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open-access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Synthesis of Cyclotetramethylene Tetramine through the action of nitrating mixture formed of ammonium nitrate and fuming nitric acid on hexamine in presence of acetic acid, acetic anhydride and p-formaldehyde has been proven. The pathway is relatively long and Hexamine Dinitrate and Dinitro Pentamethylene Tetramine (DPT) are two of the main intermediate compounds. The former was prepared, purified, and then characterized. Conversion of this compound into the latter has been followed up experimentally. Herein, we report the Preparation of Dinitro Pentamethylene Tetramine (DPT) from Hexamine Dinitrate – as an alternative synthetic route – which is an important intermediate appears through preparation of DPT from Hexamine directly. DPT was prepared at different temperatures. The variation of some factors like: temperature and time has been investigated. The obtained results were reliable and consistent with the literature. The conversion of Hexamine Dinitrate to HMX as another synthetic route was not fully studied from the point of view of kinetics. In this paper, it is intended to study the effect of time and temperature on the conversion rate of hexamine dinitrate to DPT. This scientific approach is considered as a bridge through which we aim to initiate a complete kinetic study of an important intermediate in the synthesis route of one of the most powerful energetic materials.
Keywords: Energetic Materials, Hexamine, DPT, Hexamine Dinitrate, Preparation, Characterization, Analysis Techniques, Synthesis, Nitramines, RDX, HMX.
Scope of the Article: Composite Materials