A5263119119

Applications of Factorial Design in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Titanium-Silicon Dioxide as Photoanode
Izamarlina Asshaari¹, Huda Abdullah², Alias Jedi³, Masrianis Ahmad^4
1Izamarlina Asshaari*, Centre of Engineering and Built Environment Education Research, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,  Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
²Huda Abdullah, Centre of Advanced Electronic and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
³Alias Jedi, Centre for Integrated Design for Advanced Mechanical Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
⁴Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Masrianis Ahmad, Centre of Advanced Electronic and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Manuscript received on November 18, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on 27 November, 2019. | Manuscript published on December 10, 2019. | PP: 3383-3386 | Volume-9 Issue-2, December 2019. | Retrieval Number: A5263119119/2019©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A5263.129219
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Titanium-silicon dioxide (TiO2-SiO2) nanocomposite thin films have been synthesized by sol-gel process as a photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The photovoltaic performances, i.e. JSC, VOC, FF, and η were explored using I–V measurement. The effects of electrolyte type (iodolyte, PAN-based gel polymer: E1 and E2) and the preparation of photoanode (annealed temperature) on the performance of DSSC was significantly studied using factorial design methodology. It reveals that in factorial design, both main factors (electrolyte type and annealed temperature) and the interaction between these two factors were found statistically significant. It means that the effects of electrolyte type and annealed temperature, are the significant variables influencing the energy efficiency, as well as the two-factor interactions of electrolyte type and annealed temperature. The determination coefficient (R2 ) also in good alliance, which confirms that there exist a high association between these factors with the energy efficiency of DSSC. The optimum conditions of the energy efficiency occurs for a PAN-based gel polymer E2 when the photoanode was annealed at 350C, exhibits a highest energy efficiency of 1.5%. 
Keywords: Analysis of Variance, Determination Coefficient, Dye-sensitized Solar cells, Electrolytes, Energy Efficiency Factorial Design.
Scope of the Article: Smart Learning Methods and Environments